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The Important Function of Metal Stamping Dies

Metal stamping dies are the devices used in metal stamping machines. Each metal stamping machine can have one or more than one dies depending on the kind of machine. Dies are the main components in metal stamping machines that do the actual casting, punching, cutting and shaping of the metal sheet.

The basic die operations are drawing, shearing and bending. In metal stamping, the metal sheets are placed in a die or a press tool which has a specially designed cavity that gives the preferred shape to the metal sheet.

The upper part of the die connects to the press slide while the lower component connects to the press bed. A specific component known as the punch pushes the metal sheet through the die, thus performing the actual shaping operation. The patterns on the dies can be used to emboss or give three-dimensional lettering on the final product.

Dies are placed in sheet metal panels either alone or as a series of presses in a press line. Metal stamping dies and presses can have different input variables on the bases of tonnage, press parallelism, shut height, nitrogen pressure in dies, counterbalance pressure and press speed. These variables can influence the quality of the stamping panel, particularly during die setup. The same stamping press can be reused by replacing one set of dies with another.

The placement of dies in a press is known as die setup. Die setup decides the shut height and binder force. The number of components produced in a die setup is known as a batch.

Sheet Metal is a flat shaped product made from metal that can vary in thickness between 0.015cm and 6.32cm. Very thin pieces would be considered foil/leaf pieces while thicker pieces are called plates.

The reason why sheet metal is widely used is because it can be easily changed in to a variety of shapes. Through a wide variety of processes sheet metal machinery and tools are used to do this.

Stretching

Sheet metal can be straightened by using a grip at either side of the sheet and stretching it. The sheet metal machinery and tools used to do this are able to pull the sheet metal beyond its elastic limit allowing it to come out flat. The affect of the stretching is that its temper will be slightly raised.

Stamping

This is a process that may involve one or more stamping stations to perform various actions on a metal sheet to create a final workpiece. As the metal sheet is passed through the work stations each one alters the shape by cutting, forming or drawing the piece. Each stamping station contributes to the final piece.

Cutting

There are a number of ways that Sheet metal can be cut, ranging from manually cutting the sheet using tin snips to using computer aided laser cutting. Tin snips can be extremely tricky - even frustrating to use, especially when the sheet curves. The use of computer controlled laser cutting allows for greater accuracy while at the same time reducing the amount of waste.

Laser cutting involves focusing a beam of laser light over the sheer metal heating and subsequently burning the metal. The edge of the sheet will be very smooth. Old Trumpf equipment laser cutters can be used to get a precision of around 0.01mm.

Bending

Bending can be carried out by sheet metal machinery and tools and is done to shape the sheet into various forms. A pressbrake is used to bend the metal into a shape that is determined by its Die Set.

Shearing

When the sheet metal is too big for use, then the sheet needs to be cut to size. This process is called shearing. This step needs to be carried out before any stamping can be started. Sheet metal machinery and tools 'shear' the sheet metal until the desired size has been achieved.

Deep Drawing

The deep drawing process involves sheet metal machinery and tools 'punching' blank sheet metal into a Die Set. It thus involves a transformation of the sheet metal into a desired shape.

There are many different kinds of dies such as single station dies, multiple station dies, compound dies, progressive dies and tandem press lines. Most dies are designed by the metal stamping companies who use advanced technologies like CAD to design them according to customer specifications. Another classification of dies is draw dies, trim dies and cam-pierce dies.

Metal Stamping Info provides detailed information about precision, custom, and sheet metal stamping, as well as metal stamping machines and metal stamping die.

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